khl大陆冰球联赛2016_khl大陆冰球联赛2023

1.双语冰球 | 从教练转成球员——“雪”的奥运逐梦之路

2.请教一下，北美职业冰球联赛NHL的具体比赛规则。

3.NHL是哪个联赛的简称？它的全称是什么？

4.大陆冰球联赛的历届总冠军

叶劲光原来是加拿大人，后来归化是中国人。

1881年，叶劲光的曾祖父辗转搭上前往加拿大的轮船，开始闯荡海外。他与上千名华人劳工加入到太平洋铁路的建设中。北美西海岸社区，留下了早期华人移民许多艰辛的故事，也留下了中国人热爱家庭，勤苦不惰的精神品格。?

1985年，叶劲光作为中国移民的第四代出生在温哥华。?

叶劲光进入波士顿大学深造，学习犯罪现场调查专业。2017-18赛季，叶劲光与建安、骆嘉等多名北美体系的华侨球员加入了北京昆仑鸿星冰球俱乐部，随后正式入籍中国。

北京冬奥会中国男子冰球队25名球员中，有10名中国本土球员，其余都是归化球员，他们随昆仑鸿星俱乐部常年征战大陆冰球联赛(KHL)，拥有丰富的实战经验和默契。

社会评价

叶劲光作为万科龙队队长，担当起了重任。场上发生冲突时，他第一个奔向冲突地点，及时为球员撑腰；更衣室里，他是无可争议的领袖，以身作则成为所有队友的榜样，无论球队处于高峰还是低谷，球员们总能从叶劲光身上得到无穷的力量。（中国日报网评）

叶劲光老树开新花，绝对灿烂。（知名冰球评论员李龙谋评）

双语冰球 | 从教练转成球员——“雪”的奥运逐梦之路

不可以。

任何比赛都不可以随便打架，只有冰球比赛“允许”打架，但是这里的“允许”有发生情景，赛事等条件的前提。同时，冰球“允许”打架也并不是说就要在这片场地上发生。

对于国际级别的冰球赛事而言（如世锦赛世界杯以及冬奥会冰球比赛等），打架，不管是单挑还是群架，都是严格禁止的。所谓冰球规则当中确定“允许”打人的例子，只发生在这座星球上的职业冰球联赛当中，如知名的NHL（北美冰球联赛），KHL（大陆冰球联赛）等。

请教一下，北美职业冰球联赛NHL的具体比赛规则。

Canadian fans still smile nostalgically whenever their nation's double gold-medal performance in men's and women's hockey at the 2010 Olympics on home ice comes up. Even though China finished seventh out of eight women's teams in Vancouver, defender Xueting Qi has her own fond memories of her first and only Olympics.

每当加拿大球迷想起他们国家在2010年温哥华冬奥会主场上赢得男子和女子冰球双料冠军时，他们都面带微笑，回味不已。而 尽管中国队在温哥华冬奥会八支女子冰球决赛队伍里最终排名第七，其后卫齐雪婷却仍对这次奥运参赛经历有着美好回忆，这是她生平第一次也是目前唯一一次参加奥运会。

冰球知识点1：2010年温哥华冬奥会女子冰球项目最终排名如下：第一名加拿大，第二名美国，第三名芬兰，第四名瑞典，第五名瑞士，第六名俄罗斯，第七名中国，第八名斯洛伐克。中国男子冰球队未获参赛资格。

冰球知识点2：中国女子冰球队曾经是世界女子冰坛的一支强队，最好成绩的记录如下：1998年长野冬奥会获得女子冰球项目第四名，1994年和1997年两次女子冰球世锦赛第四名，1996年和1999年两次亚冬会女子冰球项目冠军。

“Wow, that was a really big party for me!” Qi, 33, told IIHF.com. “When I came to the Olympic Village, every day I would go out for a walk. The fans were really passionate. Whenever we walked on the streets, some people would come to us and say: ‘Are you athletes?' We'd say, ‘Yes.' ‘What sport?' When we said, ‘Ice hockey,' then they really, really loved it! Also, when we played games, most of the fans cheered for us. Everything for me was new. It was the first time. So I really enjoyed that.”

“哇哦，对我来说那真是一场盛宴！”33岁的齐雪婷在接受国际冰联官网采访时说道：“到奥运村之后，我每天都会出去散步。那里的 体育 迷都非常热情，无论什么时候我们走上街头，都会有人过来问：“你们是运动员吗?”我们说是的。“哪项运动？”当我们回答说‘冰球’时，他们真的都高兴坏了！而且，当我们打比赛时，绝大多数球迷都会为我们欢呼。对我来说这一切都是新鲜的，那是我人生的第一次，我真的很享受。”

Daily star sightings were also on the menu in British Columbia's biggest city for Qi.

在这个加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省最大的城市温哥华，每日见到冰球明星也是齐雪婷的日常。

“When we ate together, I was really close to some NHL stars like Sidney Crosby and Alexander Ovechkin. That was the first time we were really close to them. To see them, we felt really good. Also, we traded a lot of pins!”

“当我们聚餐时，我曾非常靠近一些NHL明星，比如希尼·克罗斯比和亚历山大·奥维奇金，那是我们头一次真正近距离接触到。能见到他们感觉特别棒，而且我们还交换了很多别针纪念章!”

More than 10 years later, Qi has pinned her hopes on making the Olympic team again so that she can compete on home ice in Beijing in 2022. Nicknamed “Snow” by her international pro teammates with the Shenzhen KRS Vanke Rays, the Harbin native is one of several 2010 alumni who made a comeback last season to chase her Winter Games dreams.

十年之后，齐雪婷期待再次入选中国奥运代表队，这样她就可以在2022年北京冬奥会上打主场比赛。为了追逐她的奥运梦想，这位哈尔滨姑娘随着当年国家队同僚的脚步，加盟深圳昆仑鸿星万科阳光女子冰球队，从上一赛季重返赛场。在同一职业队效力的外国队友都亲切地称呼她为“雪”。

冰球知识点3：从2017年开始，深圳昆仑鸿星队和万科阳光队这两支中国俱乐部队伍开始征战加拿大女子冰球联赛（CWHL），队员由中国国家女子冰球队队员与高水平外籍球员组成。2018年，两支俱乐部队合并为深圳昆仑鸿星万科阳光队。

Qi hadn't played since the 2015 IIHF Ice Hockey Women's World Championship Division I Group B tournament, where the hosts came third in Beijing. However, she didn't miss a beat after spending the previous two seasons as an assistant coach with the women's U18 program.

齐雪婷自从在2015年女子冰球世锦赛B组比赛之后就再也没有打过比赛，当时她所在的中国队在主场北京获得了第三名。然而她并没有远离赛场，而是在女冰U18青年队中做了两个赛季的助理教练。

The right-shooting blueliner, who wears #55, earned a goal and 12 assists in 27 regular season games with the star-studded Rays. The club, based in Shenzhen in the southern Chinese province of Guangdong, was competing in its first season in the Russian Women's Hockey League (WHL) under new coach Brian Idalski (ex-University of North Dakota).

在众星云集的阳光队中，这位身着55号球衣的左手杆后卫在27场常规赛中获得了一个进球，12次助攻。该队所属俱乐部位于广东深圳。她们在新任教练布莱恩?伊达尔斯基的指导下参加了俄罗斯女子冰球联盟（WHL）第一个赛季的比赛。伊达尔斯基曾执教于北达科他州大学。

“I think after my coaching experience, I'm more clear in my head,” Qi said. “I can read the situation better. Before I was a coach, I always thought about myself – my position, my situation. But after coaching, I can think about the whole team, the whole situation. It's easier to understand what the coach says, and I can help the coach help the players.”

“当我有教练经验之后，我感觉自己的头脑更清晰了，”齐雪婷说：“我能更好地理解形势。在当教练之前，我总是只考虑自己——我的位置、我的处境。但执教之后，我考虑的是整个团队、整体情况。这样更容易理解教练所说的话，我还能协助教练去帮助球员。”

Impressively, “Snow” captained her team to the WHL championship. Despite spending weeks on the road due to the COVID-19 outbreak that hit China earlier than Russia, the Rays swept host Agidel Ufa in three straight games in the final in March. It was an upgrade over the club's experience in the now-defunct Canadian Women's Hockey League (CWHL), where they lost the 2018 final in overtime to the Markham Thunder on Laura Stacey's goal.

令人印象深刻的是，身为队长的“雪”带领她的队伍获得了WHL冠军。尽管昆仑鸿星万科阳光队由于中国比俄罗斯更早爆发新冠疫情而一直漂泊在客场，但在三月份的决赛中连续三场横扫东道主俄罗斯乌法队，赢得了联盟冠军。这是对该俱乐部的加拿大女子冰球联赛（CWHL）征程的一次升级——在2018年CWHL决赛的加时赛中，由于劳拉·斯泰茜的一粒进球，昆仑鸿星队最终惜败加拿大万锦迅雷队。

冰球知识点4：加拿大女子冰球联赛（Canadian Women's Hockey League，简称CWHL）成立于2007年，曾为北美两个顶级女子冰球联赛之一。另一个是美国国家女子冰球联盟（National Women's Hockey League，简称NWHL）。中国曾组队参加了2017年、2018年最后两个赛季。但由于财务问题，CWHL方面表示这种商业模式在经济上并没有可持续性，无法维持联盟正常运作，已在2019年5月1日起停止运营。

“For me, it's amazing memories and a really great experience,” Qi said. “Before, we didn't have a professional league like this. This year, we became champions and we celebrated in the dressing room. Also, during the season, we had the All-Star Game [in Moscow on 12 January]. All those things for me were really awesome. I felt the system in this league is really good. You can play younger players against more experienced players. In China, we don't have that. It was really excellent.”

“对我而言，这是一段美妙的回忆，也是一次很棒的经历，”齐雪婷说：“我们以前没有这样的职业联赛，今年我们成了这个联赛冠军，在更衣室里庆祝胜利。在这个赛季我们还有全明星赛(1月12日在莫斯科举行)。所有这些对我来说都非常棒。我觉得这个联盟的体系真的不错，能够让年轻球员去和有经验的球员打比赛，在中国还没有这个。这真是太棒了。”

On 19 September, the new WHL season kicks off with a rematch between Agidel Ufa and the Rays, who will be based in the Moscow area this season same as the men's team in the KHL. Naturally, the coronavirus situation injects uncertainty into everyone's plans. For Qi, relying on her mother's strength and wisdom is particularly valuable in these strange times.

9月19日，新的WHL赛季将在乌法队和阳光队的比赛中开始，阳光队本赛季将和大陆冰球联盟（KHL）的男子冰球队一样在莫斯科地区进行比赛。自然，新冠病毒疫情给每个人的计划带来了不确定性。对于齐雪婷来说，在这样不寻常的日子里，来自母亲的力量和智慧显得尤为珍贵。

“My mom always supports me,” Qi said. “At the beginning, she didn't really like me playing ice hockey. But when I played sports in school, she was just 100 percent for me. In China, she's always with me, watching me play games, even in different cities. Sometimes when I was confused or something came up that I couldn't handle, she always stood on my side and communicated with me. She always gave me advice and helped me to make some great decisions.”

“我妈妈永远支持我。”齐雪婷说：“最初她并不想我打冰球，但当我在学校开始打球后，她却百分之百做我后盾；在国内时，即使是在不同的城市，她也总是陪伴着我，看我打球；当我感到困惑或者有什么事情处理不了时，她总是站在我的角度同我沟通；面对重大决定时，她总是会给我建议和帮助。”

Qi also appreciates the professionalism of Rays teammates like Finnish goalie Noora Raty, a four-time Olympian, and 2020 WHL scoring champion Alex Carpenter, who signed a one-year deal in early August to return to the KRS organization for a fourth straight season. And Qi doesn't hesitate when asked to name her Chinese hockey role models.

齐雪婷也很欣赏队友们的专业度，比如参加过四次奥运会的芬兰守门员诺拉·拉蒂，以及WHL2020年度得分冠军阿历克斯·卡彭特。卡彭特在8月初签了一年的合同，将开始她在昆仑鸿星的第四个赛季。当问及她在中国的冰球榜样名字时，齐雪婷毫不犹豫地说：

“My former captain [Linuo Wang]. She's seven years older than me. She wore number 19 when she played on the national team. She played at the 2002 Olympic Games and the 2010 Olympic Games. And number 14 [Rui Sun]. When she retired, she also became one of my coaches.”

“我的前任队长（王莉诺），比我大七岁，在国家队时穿19号球衣。她参加了2002年和2010年奥运会。还有14号（孙锐），退役后她也成了我的教练之一。”

Qi gained valuable experience from her five top-level Women's Worlds between 2004 and 2009. Interestingly, her tournament debut came in 2004 in Halifax. The hockey-crazed Nova Scotia capital will co-host the 2021 Women's Worlds with Truro. Those two cities were originally supposed to host this year's tournament, but the pandemic unfortunately led to its cancellation.

从2004年到2009年，齐雪婷在五届女冰世锦赛中获得了宝贵的经验。有趣的是，她的首次世锦赛亮相是2004年在哈利法克斯市。而作为对冰球狂热的加拿大新斯科舍省的首府，哈利法克斯将与其同省的特鲁罗市共同举办2021年冰球世锦赛女子顶级组比赛。这两个城市原本应该今年举办世锦赛，但因疫情影响而取消了比赛。

Hockey has helped Qi hone her English language skills: “I learned mainly just from coaches. We've had maybe more than 10 foreign coaches.” With the national team, she got opportunities to practice English while travelling and competing in Finland and Canada in the mid-2000s.

冰球帮助齐雪婷磨炼了她的英语技能：“我主要是从教练那儿学英语，我们有10多位外国教练。”2000至2010年中期她进国家队在芬兰和加拿大打巡回赛，有不少机会练习英语。

Last season in Shenzhen, the Rays frequently attracted home crowds of more than 3,000. The Chinese Olympic team will hope to attract even bigger audiences to Beijing's renovated Wukesong Arena during the 2022 Olympics.

上个赛季，阳光队在深圳经常能吸引到超过3000名以上的主场观众。中国奥运代表队有望在2022年奥运会期间吸引到更多的观众，前来翻新过的五棵松 体育 馆观看比赛。

The whole world has a lot of work to do before China can host its first Winter Games. Qi doesn't know whether she'll get to see Crosby and Ovechkin again in person. The final makeup of the Chinese Olympic team – which will include naturalized North American players of Chinese heritage as well as domestic-born and trained talent – remains unclear.

在中国举办其第一届冬奥会之前，全世界还有很多工作要做。齐雪婷不知道她是否还能再亲眼见到克罗斯比和奥维奇金。中国奥运代表队的最终阵容——据说将包括归化的北美华裔球员和本土出身的球员——还未确定。

So “Snow” will simply train hard and play hard as the countdown continues. She always reminds herself about the three reasons behind her comeback as a player.

所以“雪”只是在冬奥倒计时中刻苦训练、奋力比赛。她总在提醒着自己，为什么要以运动员身份复出，有以下这三点原因。

“First, I love hockey. It doesn't matter how old I am. I really like to play during the games. So I can feel the passion. I enjoy being with my teammates, playing together. Second, in China, we have more younger players now. I want to show them:'If you love hockey, you have to play.' Some of them think about other things. Third, I think if I can play, maybe it's more helpful. I can teach other players when I'm a coach, but sometimes, maybe it's better to teach as a player. That's why I came back.”

“首先，我热爱冰球。这跟我的年龄多大没关系，我真的很喜欢上场打比赛。所以我能感受到那种激情，很享受跟队友们一起打球。其次，我们中国现在有越来越多的年轻球员，我想告诉他们：‘如果你热爱冰球，就得去打比赛。’他们中有些人想的是别的事情。第三，我觉得如果我能上场比赛，也许帮助会更大，因为在当教练时，我是可以教其他球员，但某些情况下也许以球员的身份去教更好。这就是我为什么要返回赛场。”

作者:Lucas Aykroyd

编译：冰球世界

NHL是哪个联赛的简称？它的全称是什么？

比赛共分三节，每节20分钟。

在比赛开始时，双方球员会在球场中线开球。开球意即双方互派一位球员对垒，在裁判放下球后用曲棍互相争夺。

每队可派六名球员同时上阵；正常之下会是三名前锋，两名后卫，和守门员。但在比赛临近结束时，若其中一方落后一球或两球，落后的一方通常会撤下守门员而换上一名前锋。

若有球员犯规，按裁判裁决，刑罚可分为小刑罚两分钟，双小刑罚四分钟或大刑罚五分钟离场。球员离场后，被罚的一方会缺少一人上阵，直至离场时间完毕。但在两分钟和四分钟的离场刑罚时间中，若被罚方被攻入球，刑罚时间便会自动终结。(注：在四分钟的离场刑罚中，若入球是在首两分钟内发生，刑罚时间会减少到剩余的两分钟)。

被刑罚的队上阵球员数最多可被减少到四名；正常之下会是一名前锋，两名后卫，和守门员。

红中线 "icing" 规则

执行红中线 "icing" 规则有三个条件: 第一，双方上阵球员数均衡; 第二，控球球员在红中线后把球打越过球门线及错过球门; 第三，接下来触碰球的是对方球员并且副裁判员做出了红中线 "icing" 判罚。

对红中线 "icing" 违例的判罚是在犯规队的防守区内重新开球，而且禁止换下场上的球员。

当己方因为犯规上阵球员比较少时，副裁判员并不行实红中线 "icing" 规则。

越位

当控球队进攻时，球必须比所有己方球员先从中立区跨过对方蓝线进入进攻区，否则被副裁判员判决越位。

对越位的判罚是在对方蓝线外的中立区的进攻半边重新开球。

大陆冰球联赛的历届总冠军

国家冰球联盟（National Hockey League，NHL）， 联盟于1917年在魁北克蒙特利尔成立，成立之初有五支队伍，在一系列的扩展之后，现在共有30支球队，24支位于美国，6支位于加拿大。在因为球员大罢工而取消整个2004-2005球季之后，联盟有了一个成功的2005-2006例行赛和2006史丹利杯季后赛。 NHL是全世界最高层级的职业冰球比赛，为北美四大职业运动之一。队伍共分成东、西两个大区，每个大区各分为三个分区。

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